Unveiling the ArtScroll Edition of the Herzog Targum Onkelos

The ArtScroll Edition of the Herzog Targum Onkelos is a distinguished contribution to Jewish scholarship, focusing on one of the most revered translations of the Torah into Aramaic. Known as the "Zichron Asher Herzog Edition," this series by ArtScroll Mesorah Publications offers an in-depth look at Targum Onkelos, a text that has been integral to Jewish study and practice for centuries. Artscroll has released in depth study editions on Onkelos in both a Hebrew edition and an English edition. Both highlight the differences between the written Torah and the Targum’s reading of the text

Note: One should take care to use discernment when reading the comments in this book. They come from a Jewish lens, which can be fascinating, but some of the opinions expressed in the book go outside the Biblical text, so this cannot be said to be a “Sola Scriptura” commentary. That being said, it can be interesting for a Christian to read the Jewish understanding of the Biblical Text, and can aid in dialogue between Christians and Jews.

Historical Significance of Targum Onkelos

Targum Onkelos, attributed to Onkelos, a convert to Judaism, is an Aramaic translation of the Pentateuch (Chumash) that was so esteemed it was included its study in the weekly Torah reading obligation. This translation not only served as a vernacular interpretation during the Second Temple era but has remained crucial for understanding the nuances of Torah text, providing insights into biblical Hebrew through the lens of Aramaic, the lingua franca of Jews in the Talmudic period.

The ArtScroll Approach

ArtScroll's approach to publishing the Herzog Targum Onkelos is characterized by:

  • Textual Fidelity: The edition ensures the text is as accurate as possible to the traditional manuscripts, with the Hebrew text of the Chumash, Rashi's commentary, and the Targum Onkelos all fully vowelized for clarity and ease of study.

  • Elucidation: Following the style of ArtScroll's renowned Sapirstein Edition of Rashi, this series provides a comprehensive elucidation of Targum Onkelos. It breaks down the Aramaic into understandable segments, offering explanations for difficult phrases, and highlighting where the translation diverges from literal interpretations to convey deeper meanings.

  • Interlinear Design: The layout places the words of Targum Onkelos directly under the Hebrew text of the Chumash, allowing readers to see the translation in context, enhancing comprehension and study. Artscroll also has a similar English “Zichron Meir” version.

  • Flowing Translation: Based on the Stone Chumash, a flowing English translation runs alongside, providing an accessible entry point for those less versed in Aramaic or Hebrew.

Unique Features of the Herzog Edition

  • Zichron Asher Herzog: Named in memory of Rabbi Asher Herzog, this edition was inspired by his dedication to Torah study. It reflects his scholarly rigor, aiming to make the study of Targum Onkelos accessible to a broad audience.

  • Comprehensive Coverage: The series extends across all five books of the Torah - Bereishis (Genesis), Shemos (Exodus), Vayikra (Leviticus), Bamidbar (Numbers), and Devarim (Deuteronomy), each volume providing unique insights into the biblical text through Onkelos's translation.

  • Scholarly Annotations: Beyond translation, the volumes include notes that delve into the linguistic, historical, and interpretive aspects of the text, aiding both novice and advanced scholars.

Impact and Reception

The ArtScroll Edition of the Herzog Targum Onkelos has been celebrated for:

  • Enhancing Torah Study: By making Onkelos more accessible, it has reinvigorated interest in this ancient translation among contemporary learners, fostering a deeper engagement with the Torah's text.

  • Educational Use: It's widely used in yeshivas, synagogues, and homes, serving both as an educational tool and a resource for weekly Torah study.

  • Aesthetic and Practical Design: The books are noted for their beautiful, user-friendly layout, making complex scholarship approachable.

The ArtScroll Edition of the Herzog Targum Onkelos stands as a monumental work in Jewish publishing, bridging ancient wisdom with modern scholarship. It's not just a translation but an exploration of the Torah through the lens of one of its most authoritative interpreters. For anyone looking to deepen their understanding of the Jewish interpretation Torah, this series is an invaluable resource.